It’s always cataclysmic beneath the earth. Tectonic plates that form the outer hard layer of the earth always move, often said to be how fast your finger nails grow—33 millimeters or 1.3 inches a year; they dive under or slide past each other, deform their edges, creating zones of smashed and cracked rock—faults—that span a few feet to kilometres and building strain, akin to a rubber band wound tightly. When the strain is no longer containable, the plates slip along the faults, in